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Alcohol-forming Fatty Acyl-CoA Reductase
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NADPH + H+ |
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CoA +NADP+ |
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very long-chain acyl-CoA (=C20) |
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very long-chain alcohol |
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Locus Data & Links (May need to scroll right or left to show columns)
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AlcFAR2
MS2 / FAR2
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Plastid
Plastid (GFP)
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Mutant Char.; Heterol Exp'n.
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5 Refs
Chen, W.W., Yu, X.H., Zhang, K.S., Shi, J.X., De Oliveira, S., Schreiber, L., Shanklin, J., and Zhang, D.B. (2011). Male Sterile2 Encodes a Plastid-Localized Fatty Acyl Carrier Protein Reductase Required for Pollen Exine Development in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 157 ,842-853.Chen, H., Kim, H.U., Weng, H., and Browse, J. (2011). Malonyl-CoA Synthetase, Encoded by ACYL ACTIVATING ENZYME13, Is Essential for Growth and Development of Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 23 , 2247-2262.Aarts, M.G.M., Dirkse, W.G., Stiekema, W.J., and Pereira, A. (1993). Transposon Tagging of a Male-Sterility Gene in Arabidopsis. Nature 363 , 715-717.Doan, T.T.P., Carlsson, A.S., Hamberg, M., Bulow, L., Stymne, S., and Olsson, P. (2009). Functional expression of five Arabidopsis fatty acyl-CoA reductase genes in Escherichia coli. Journal of Plant Physiology 166 , 787-796.Aarts, M.G.M., Hodge, R., Kalantidis, K., Florack, D., Wilson, Z.A., Mulligan, B.J., Stiekema, W.J., Scott, R., and Pereira, A. (1997). The Arabidopsis MALE STERILITY 2 protein shares similarity with reductases in elongation/condensation complexes. Plant Journal 12 , 615-623.
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Expression in tapetum; not involved in cuticular wax biosynthesis; produces C16:0 fatty alcohol in vitro;transcient expression in leaves causes accumulation of C16/C18 fatty alcohols
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AlcFAR4
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Endomembrane (GFP)
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Mutant Char.; Heterol Exp'n.
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1 Ref
Domergue, F., Vishwanath, S.J., Joubes, J., Ono, J., Lee, J.A., Bourdon, M., Alhattab, R., Lowe, C., Pascal, S., Lessire, R., and Rowland, O. (2010). Three Arabidopsis fatty acyl-coenzyme A reductases, FAR1, FAR4, and FAR5, generate primary fatty alcohols associated with suberin deposition. Plant Physiol. 153 , 1539-1554.
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High transcript co-upregulation with suberin biosynthetic genes. Suberin-assocated FAR; not involved in cuticular wax biosynthesis;C20:0-OH decreased in far4 suberin; not involved in cuticular wax biosynthesis
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AlcFAR5
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Mutant Char.; Heterol Exp'n.
Seq. Similarity to CER4
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1 Ref
Domergue, F., Vishwanath, S.J., Joubes, J., Ono, J., Lee, J.A., Bourdon, M., Alhattab, R., Lowe, C., Pascal, S., Lessire, R., and Rowland, O. (2010). Three Arabidopsis fatty acyl-coenzyme A reductases, FAR1, FAR4, and FAR5, generate primary fatty alcohols associated with suberin deposition. Plant Physiol. 153 , 1539-1554.
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High transcript co-upregulation with suberin biosynthetic genes, Suberin-assocated FAR; not involved in cuticular wax biosynthesis; C18:0-OH decreased in far5 suberin; not involved in cuticular wax biosynthesis
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AlcFAR8
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Mutant Char.; Heterol Exp'n.
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2 Refs
Chacon, M.G., Fournier, A.E., Tran, F., Dittrich-Domergue, F., Pulsifer, I.P., Domergue, F., and Rowland, O. (2013). Identification of Amino Acids Conferring Chain Length Substrate Specificities on Fatty Alcohol-forming Reductases FAR5 and FAR8 from Arabidopsis thaliana. Journal of Biological Chemistry 288 ,30345-30355.Doan, T.T.P., Carlsson, A.S., Hamberg, M., Bulow, L., Stymne, S., and Olsson, P. (2009). Functional expression of five Arabidopsis fatty acyl-CoA reductase genes in Escherichia coli. Journal of Plant Physiology 166 , 787-796.
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AlcFAR6
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Plastid
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Heterol Exp'n.
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4 Refs
Doan, T.T.P., Carlsson, A.S., Hamberg, M., Bulow, L., Stymne, S., and Olsson, P. (2009). Functional expression of five Arabidopsis fatty acyl-CoA reductase genes in Escherichia coli. Journal of Plant Physiology 166 , 787-796.Doan, T.T.P., Domergue, F., Fournier, A.E., Vishwanath, S.J., Rowland, O., Moreau, P., Wood, C.C., Carlsson, A.S., Hamberg, M., and Hofvander, P. (2012). Biochemical characterization of a chloroplast localized fatty acid reductase from Arabidopsis thaliana. Bba-Mol Cell Biol L 1821 , 1244-1255.Gupta, N.C., Jain, P.K., Bhat, S.R., and Srinivasan, R. (2012). Upstream sequence of fatty acyl-CoA reductase (FAR6) of Arabidopsis thaliana drives wound-inducible and stem-specific expression. Plant Cell Rep 31 , 839-850.Suh, M.C., Samuels, A.L., Jetter, R., Kunst, L., Pollard, M., Ohlrogge, J., and Beisson, F. (2005). Cuticular lipid composition, surface structure, and gene expression in Arabidopsis stem epidermis. Plant Physiol. 139 , 1649-1665.
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Highly expressed ; upregulated in epidermis of stems; knockout has no obvious cuticular wax defect; produced C16:o primary alcohol in yeast and in planta
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AlcFAR3 / CER4
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Endomembrane (GFP)
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Mutant Char.; Heterol Exp'n.; Seq. Similarity
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5 Refs
Metz, J.G., Pollard, M.R., Anderson, L., Hayes, T.R., and Lassner, M.W. (2000). Purification of a jojoba embryo fatty acyl-coenzyme A reductase and expression of its cDNA in high erucic acid rapeseed. Plant Physiology 122 , 635-644.Jenks, M.A., Tuttle, H.A., Eigenbrode, S.D., and Feldmann, K.A. (1995). Leaf epicuticular waxes of the eceriferum mutants in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 108 , 369-377.Kamigaki, A., Kondo, M., Mano, S., Hayashi, M., and Nishimura, M. (2009). Suppression of Peroxisome Biogenesis Factor 10 Reduces Cuticular Wax Accumulation by Disrupting the ER Network in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant and Cell Physiology 50 , 2034-2046.Rowland, O., Zheng, H.Q., Hepworth, S.R., Lam, P., Jetter, R., and Kunst, L. (2006). CER4 encodes an alcohol-forming fatty acyl-coenzyme A reductase involved in cuticular wax production in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 142 , 866-877.Doan, T.T.P., Carlsson, A.S., Hamberg, M., Bulow, L., Stymne, S., and Olsson, P. (2009). Functional expression of five Arabidopsis fatty acyl-CoA reductase genes in Escherichia coli. Journal of Plant Physiology 166 , 787-796.
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Can form aldehyde and/or production of C24:0-C30:0 chain length fatty alcohols of cuticular wax; Seq. Similarity to soybean jojoba and pea FAR enzymes
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AlcFAR7
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1 Ref
Doan, T.T.P., Carlsson, A.S., Hamberg, M., Bulow, L., Stymne, S., and Olsson, P. (2009). Functional expression of five Arabidopsis fatty acyl-CoA reductase genes in Escherichia coli. Journal of Plant Physiology 166 , 787-796.
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Likely a pseudogene from sequencing transcript
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AlcFAR1
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Endomembrane (GFP)
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Mutant Char.; Heterol Exp'n.
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2 Refs
Doan, T.T.P., Carlsson, A.S., Hamberg, M., Bulow, L., Stymne, S., and Olsson, P. (2009). Functional expression of five Arabidopsis fatty acyl-CoA reductase genes in Escherichia coli. Journal of Plant Physiology 166 , 787-796.Domergue, F., Vishwanath, S.J., Joubes, J., Ono, J., Lee, J.A., Bourdon, M., Alhattab, R., Lowe, C., Pascal, S., Lessire, R., and Rowland, O. (2010). Three Arabidopsis fatty acyl-coenzyme A reductases, FAR1, FAR4, and FAR5, generate primary fatty alcohols associated with suberin deposition. Plant Physiol. 153 , 1539-1554.
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High transcript co-upregulation with suberin biosynthetic genes. Suberin-assocated FAR; not involved in cuticular wax biosynthesis; C22:0-OH decreased in far1 suberin; not involved in cuticular wax biosynthesis
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